This gene encodes an adaptor protein containing a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domain, which is an intracellular signaling domain that mediates protein-protein interactions between the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and signal-transduction components. This protein is involved in innate immunity against invading pathogens. It specifically interacts with TLR3, but not with other TLRs, and this association mediates dsRNA induction of interferon-beta (IFNB) through activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFKB), during an antiviral immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]. Publication Note: This RefSeq record includes a subset of the publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene record to access additional publications.
Function: Involved in innate immunity against invading pathogens. Adapter used by TLR3 and TLR4 (through TICAM2) to mediate NF-kappa-B and interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) activation, and to induce apoptosis. Ligand binding to these receptors results in TRIF recruitment through its TIR domain. Distinct protein-interaction motifs allow recruitment of the effector proteins TBK1, TRAF6 and RIPK1, which in turn, lead to the activation of transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7, NF-kappa-B and FADD respectively.